The Motovun Encounters

The Motovun Encounters, organized as international meetings of visual artists, were theme-based events held from 1972 to 1984 in Motovun, Istria. Eleven meetings of artists of different poetics, generations and provenances took place throughout this period: Landscape, 1972; Nudes, 1973; Urban Intervention Project, 1974; Identity, 1976; New Landscape, Photography and Polaroid, 1977; Portfolio of Silkscreen Prints, 1978; Paper Transformations, 1979; New Painting, 1980; New Sculpture, 1981; On Paper, 1983; and Postmodern Architecture and Motovun Architectural Heritage, 1984. The meetings were organized by the Galleria del Cavallino from Venice, Ethnographic Museum from Pazin, and, joining the endeavor in 1976, the City Gallery of Contemporary Art (today MSU). In their most fruitful period around the mid-1970s, The Motovun Encounters explored the phenomena of new media and photography, carried out site-specific projects and interventions in public space and immediate surroundings. They communicated with the landscape, investigating the concepts of land-art. Finally, they affirmed the presence of New Art Practice and, with the arrival of the eighties, welcomed the influence of the trans-avant-garde and New Painting. In that sense, the Motovun Encounters may be observed as a contribution both to the Croatian contemporary art and the international art scene. Bringing together the local artists and young and renowned names, Croatian and international alike, The Motovun Encounters gathered more than 120 artists over the years, some of whom produced their anthological works there. The artists who participated in the Encounters include, among others: Marina Abramović, Claudio Ambrosini, Bojan Bem, Breda Beban, Ivan Ladislav Galeta, Tomislav Gotovac, Sanja Iveković, Dalibor Martinis, Dušan Mandič, Nina Ivančić, Jagoda Kaloper, Julije Knifer, Ivan Kožarić, Živa Kraus, Zdravko Milić, Dora Maurer, Alieta Monas, François Morellet, Michele Sambin, Duba Sambolec, Mladen Stilinović, Miroslav Šutej, Ulay, Goran Trbuljak, Luigi Viola.

Back in the day, The Motovun Encounters opened up new possibilities of collaboration between the Italian and Yugoslav artists and encouraged the internationalization of artistic space. They supported interest in the contemporary art practices and most recent events in art, creating a platform for meetings, teamwork and exchange of ideas, and revealing the advantages that contemporary art and transnational networks brought to new generations of artists and curators.

Branka Benčić, director of Museum of Modern and Contemporary Art and curator of the exhibition Motovun Encounters

Pazin City Museum’s Gallery Collection fund: the Motovun Encounters in numbers

The Gallery Collection of the Pazin City Museum is one of the 22 Museum’s collections and the only one the Gallery Section is comprised of. Founded in 1969, the Collection was originally part of the Ethnographic Museum of Istria1, whose activity was focused on the collection and valorization of ethnographic materials. After the Collection was established, it was expanded by including contemporary fine art. Formerly called the Art Collection, it was connected with the Art Gallery2> in Motovun and the co-organization and implementation of numerous art exhibitions in Motovun and Pazin, including the organization of international Motovun Encounters.
The Motovun Encounters resulted in numerous interesting artworks, combinations and collaborations that presented to the public the power of joint and similar, very close and different points of view and approaches to modern and contemporary art movements. The theme of the first Motovun Encounter in 1972 was Landscape, which represented a successful, although classic introduction (much like the theme of the second Motovun Encounter – Nude) to the notable meetings of contemporary artists on the Motovun hill. Throughout the 11 Encounters and 12 years, they produced hundreds of artworks, interventions and performances, but these meetings also resulted in friendships, acquaintances and future successful collaborations, which were all recorded by cameras, video cameras, newspaper articles...
The artworks created at the Motovun Encounters make up more than half of the Pazin City Museum’s Gallery Collection fund, that is, 198 artworks and 287 entries.3

Regarding the Encounters within the Collection, the most numerous are artworks from the sixth (34 artworks), the third (25 artworks) and the seventh Encounter (24 artworks), while those created at the last, eleventh Motovun Encounter are the fewest in number (4 artworks)4.

In terms of art techniques, the artworks from the Motovun Encounters are mostly paintings (138 entries), followed by graphic prints (37 entries) and photographs (43 entries). Technically, many artworks are produced using mixed media (32 entries), whereas drawings (25 entries) and sculptures (12 entries) are the least represented.

In terms of materials used in artworks created at the Motovun Encounters, the most represented are combinations of cardboard, paper, single-layered cardboard with photographs, acrylic, pastel, oil, etc. (121 entries), while other materials have fewer entries: silkscreen printing with 37 entries, photographs with interventions in the form of drawings, tempera, etc. with 32 entries, oil on canvas or hardboard with 26 entries, polycolor on canvas, cardboard or jute with 25 entries and other materials with a total of 46 entries (collage, ink, felt-tip pen, watercolor, charcoal, pencil...).

The Pazin City Museum’s fund stores artworks by 129 out of 1505 artists who participated in the Motovun Encounters.

Motovun Encounters in the secondary documentary fund of the Pazin City Museum

Pazin City Museum is not only the successor and guardian of valuable artworks from the Motovun Encounters but also of accompanying documents such as posters, invitations, art meeting announcements, exhibition catalogs and photographic material.

The Publishing Activity fund preserved 13 posters from the Motovun Encounters, except for those from 1976, 1979 and 1981, as well as two posters from group exhibitions held after the Encounters in 1977 and 1981. Besides the posters, the fund also contains two invitations – an invitation to the third Encounter from 1974 and an invitation to the exhibition Motovun Encounters 80,81 from 1981.

The Exhibitions fund presents exhibitions that were organized by the Museum before, during or after the Encounters and that represented artists who participated in the Encounters or stayed in Motovun as supporters and visitors. Recorded are the exhibitions of Marija Branka Košković, Mirko Lovrić, Ljerka Njerš and Jagoda Kaloper from 1972, Rumen Ćamilov and Živko Janevski from 1974, Josip Diminić from 1976 and the exhibition of graphic print portfolio made at the Encounter in 1978.6

The Pazin City Museum’s collection contains five catalogs that accompanied the Encounters – one each from 1974, 1979 and 1980, and two from 1976.

However, the most numerous are the entries in the Photo Library fund. As co-organizers of the Encounters, the employees of the Museum photographed the participants while they were working, having fun, socializing, contemplating and creating and presenting artworks during the Motovun Encounters. The authors of the photographs are unknown, but we can assume who they were based on the employee register of the Museum and the Pazin Municipality. There are 388 black-and-white photographs7 from six out of 11 Encounters currently stored in the mentioned fund. The most numerous are those from the ninth (172 entries) and fourth Encounter (112 entries), and the least represented are photographs from the second Encounter (8 entries), while there are no photos from the sixth, seventh, eighth, tenth and eleventh Encounter8.

Maja Zidarić Pilat, director of Pazin City Museum and associate of the exhibition Motovun Encounters

 

1 - Marija IVETIĆ. Sve naše zbirke: u susret stalnom postavu, Muzej grada Pazina, Pazin, 2017, p. 7. The Ethnographic Museum of Istria was founded in 1962, originating from the Pazin National Museum after the Pazin National Committee’s decision on the renaming of the museum at that time was adopted, which determined the Museum’s role as the central ethnographic museum of Istria.

2 - Marija IVETIĆ, Motovunski „likovni susreti“, kronološki pregled, in: Motovun – povijest i sadašnjost, ed. Josip ŠIKLIĆ, Katedra Čakavskog sabora za povijest Istre, Pazin, 2010, p. 355. Motovun, which in the changed socio-political system suffered the fate of a dead city, underwent renovation at the end of the 1960s. Besides physical revival, it also included the opening of the Five Towers Art Galleryin the renovated space of the former communal palace in August 1969. IVETIĆ. Sve naše zbirke..., p. 7.

3 - Status as of April 28, 2023, printout from the program M++.

4 - In addition to the mentioned, other Motovun Encounters are represented with 21 (second), 17 (first and eighth), 16 (fourth and fifth) and 12 (ninth and tenth) artworks.

5 - Giovanni BIANCHI. Paolo Cardazzo e gli incontri a Motovun (1972 – 1984), Ricerche di S/Confine, Dossier 2, 2012, source: https://www.repository.unipr.it/bitstream/1889/2384/1/9_giovanni%20bianchi.pdf, accessed: May 30, 2023, p. 130-131. Although Bianchi states that Giovanni Soccol also participated in the first Motovun Encounter, Ivetić does not mention him. The number 150 is the total number of participants without Soccol.

6 - IVETIĆ, M. Motovunski.... The list of exhibitions and accompanying events was retrieved from the mentioned paper, although the secondary documentation is not fully in line with the events mentioned in it. The secondary documentation lists the exhibitions by year, but other details and physical materials (posters, invitations, etc.) are also missing.

7 - Status as of July 31, 2023, printout from the program S++.

8 - As of July 31, 2023, the Photo Library fund is in the process of being arranged, and the stated numbers do not reflect the actual count status of the physical objects – photographs, that is, only those that have been electronically processed and entered in the S++ program are stated.

1972
Landscape

The first and second Motovun Encounter, organized by Ladislav Barišić, head of the former Motovun Five Towers Gallery on behalf of the Pazin Ethnographic Museum, and Paolo Cardazzo from the Venice Cavallino Gallery, with the aim of revitalizing the town, brought to Motovun numerous artists who had broken onto the art scene in the 1960s (Miroslav Šutej, Julije Knifer, Aleksandar Srnec, Ante Kuduz, Quintino Bassani), as well as the emerging artists of the time (Jagoda Kaloper, Zdravko Milić).

The first two Motovun Encounters, held in 1972 and 1973, were characterized by classic themes of figurative and abstract tendencies. About twenty participants from Yugoslavia and abroad presented their interpretations of the given topics of landscapes and nudes, using standard painting techniques, thus contributing to the permanent collection of the Motovun Gallery. These encounters of artists were structured as a direct work on location, in the landscape itself, in the open air, in an ex tempore format. A one-day group exhibition of the created works was held on the final day of the event.

Branka Benčić, texts from the exhibition Motovun Encounters


The Gallery Collection fund contains 17 landscapes created at the first Motovun Encounter in 1972, all of which, except two, are named after the theme of this Encounter. Artists who attended the first Motovun Encounter – Anselmo Anselmi, Bojan Bem, Patrizia Bonato, Franco Costalonga, Ines Fedrizzi, Bora Iljovski, Takiko Kawai, Koji Kinutani, Ante Kuduz, Jagoda Kaloper, Marija Branka Košković, Zdravko Milić, Andrea Pagnacco, Romano Perusini, Aldo Schmid, Miroslav Šutej and Toni Zarpellon are each represented in the Collection fund with one artwork. The Gallery Collection fund does not keep the artworks that the (allegedly) invited Julije Knifer, Aleksandar Srnec, Quentin Bassani and Giovanni Soccol created in 1972 in Motovun, at the Encounter or in general1. The artworks are almost identical in size. The materials used are predominantly oil, acrylic and mixed media on hardboard, whereas ink and pastel on paper were used in three artworks.
Besides the artworks from 1972, the Collection also includes 12 caricatures created by Rudi Stipković Stip, who used the felt-tip pen technique on cardboard to record three women and nine men participating at the Encounter, of which only four have been identified – Alieta Monas2, Marija Branka Košković, Miroslav Šutej and Zdravko Milić.

1 - IVETIĆ, M. Motovunski ..., p. 356. BIANCHI, G. Paolo Cardazzo…, p. 130-131. Julije Knifer is represented in the Pazin City Museum’s Gallery Collection with donated artworks and one artwork produced at the later Encounter. Aleksandar Srnec and Quentino Bassani also donated their artworks to the fund, while Giovanni Soccol is not part of the Pazin City Museum’s Gallery Collection.

2 - Alieta Monas was not recorded as a participant of the first Motovun Encounter in 1972, although Rudi Stipković’s Landscape (G 105) and a caricature of Alieta Monas from that year are part of the Pazin City Museum’s fund. Marija Ivetić states that it is possible that Alieta Monas participated in the Encounter informally, perhaps as a student, and was documented as such with a caricature and a legacy in the form of a painting.

Nudes
1973

The first and second Motovun Encounter, organized by Ladislav Barišić, head of the former Motovun Five Towers Gallery on behalf of the Pazin Ethnographic Museum, and Paolo Cardazzo from the Venice Cavallino Gallery, with the aim of revitalizing the town, brought to Motovun numerous artists who had broken onto the art scene in the 1960s (Miroslav Šutej, Julije Knifer, Aleksandar Srnec, Ante Kuduz, Quintino Bassani), as well as the emerging artists of the time (Jagoda Kaloper, Zdravko Milić).

The first two Motovun Encounters, held in 1972 and 1973, were characterized by classic themes of figurative and abstract tendencies. About twenty participants from Yugoslavia and abroad presented their interpretations of the given topics of landscapes and nudes, using standard painting techniques, thus contributing to the permanent collection of the Motovun Gallery. These encounters of artists were structured as a direct work on location, in the landscape itself, in the open air, in an ex tempore format. A one-day group exhibition of the created works was held on the final day of the event.

Branka Benčić, texts from the exhibition Motovun Encounters


The theme of the second Motovun Encounter presented to the public was Nude. The Collection fund has a total of 21 artworks made by 10 of the 13 invited participants. Except for Gligor Čemerski, Alieta Monas and Paolo Patelli, the second Encounter was also attended by the some of participants from the first Encounter: Anselmi, Bem, Bonato, Iljovski, Kinutani, Milić and Pagnacco. Although their participation was recorded, there are no records of artworks by Giorgio Azzaroni, Marija Branka Košković and Miroslav Šutej from the second Encounter in the Pazin City Museum’s fund.

The techniques and materials dominant among the 17 paintings are oil on canvas, followed by felt-tip pen and watercolor on single-layered cardboard, while felt-tip pen and mixed media on cardboard were used in four drawings.

1974
Urban Intervention Project

The third Motovun encounter was prompted by a desire to explore a new art syntax (Barišić, 1974), inspired by recent phenomena on the art scene. These included a breakaway from gallery spaces, development of art in public spaces, and art interventions in urban context, where the built environment was treated as a ground for artistic expression, providing context and inspiration.

A new language of art was developing, which communicated directly with the immediate environment. It included visionary projects and art proposals, realized as sketches and urban reflections. It also encompassed narratives related to landscape and space, as well as architectural gestures, framed by the architectural heritage of Motovun and the vistas of the Mirna River valley, with the greenery and topography of the surrounding hills. If the beginnings of art interventions in urban public space were marked by projects such as the Section “Proposal” of the 6th Zagreb Salon in 1971 – City as a Space of Art Events, then Motovun’s Urban Interventions Project, realized in a then very marginal rural area, may be understood as a very early and quite unique gesture in the area outside the country’s center and its art hubs


The third Encounter was held the following year, in 1974. Besides the previous participants – Bem, Čemerski, Iljovski and Monas, this Encounter was also attended by Paolo Cardazzo, Rumen Ćamilov, Mirko Lovrić, Branka Marić, Ivan Matejčić, Danka Petrovska, Guido Sartorelli, Marilyn Sicca, Piccolo Sillani, Peggy Stuffi, Darko Velan and Giorgio Teardo. The Pazin City Museum’s fund preserved 25 artworks with parts and components, which were created by all the participants except Darko Velan, Mirko Lovrić and Ivan Matejčić.

In terms of techniques and materials used, there are 18 photographs, followed by eight collages, six drawings, one assemblage and one painting, whereas the most represented is mixed media using photography and drawing with felt-tip pen or pencil and mixed media on paper, wood or cardboard.

Identity
1976

Organized by Paolo Cardazzo from the Gallery del Cavallino, the Pazin Museum, and curator at the Zagreb Gallery of Contemporary Art Marijan Susovski, the fourth Motovun Encounter explored the theme of Identity – Identità. The second part of the event, the “video encounter”, occupied a particularly important place. Of 15 artists from Croatia and Italy, eight participated in the video encounter. They produced 24 videos. The equipment for the video production was provided by Paolo Cardazzo, and only one video camera – Sony Portapack – was available to the artists.

Responding to the topic of the event, Claudio Ambrosini, Sanja Iveković, Dalibor Martinis, Michele Sambin, Goran Trbuljak and Luigi Viola explored the concept of identity, using video as a new communication means and new artistic tool. They focused on several aspects: issues of representation and self-representation, portraits and self-portraits, the topics of body and performance, the relationship of identity and (video)technology, media research, editing, time, the relationship of video and photography, static and moving image, the relationship between image and sound, the influence of mass media, the context of discussing women’s identity.


The artworks produced at the fourth Motovun Encounter titled Identity with the suffix video meeting, according to Paolo Cardazzo, in all philosophical and existential applications1, are the smallest in number in the Pazin City Museum’s fund. Of the 15 participants of this Encounter, among whom only Milić, Šutej and Sillani participated in one of the previous Encounters, the fund preserved 15 artworks made by 12 authors – Claudio Ambrosini, Luciano Celli, Josip Diminić, Eugen Kokot, Branka Košković, Živa Kraus, Jasna Maretić, Michele Sambin and Luigi Viola in addition to those previously mentioned2. In terms of techniques and materials, four artworks are oils on canvas, three are silkscreen printing, two are collages and two are drawings produced using mixed media on paper and single-layered cardboard, along with photographs and one stone sculpture. The problem of identity presented in comparison with video as a new medium and means of communication by Martinis, Trbuljak, Viola and Sanja Iveković3 was not recorded in the form of an artwork in the Pazin City Museum’s fund.

1 - Paolo CARDAZZO, Marija IVETIĆ (et al.). IV. susret u Motovunu – IV incontro a Montona: Identitet – Identità, p. (4).

2 - The Pazin City Museum’s fund does not include video art by Sanja Iveković, Dalibor Martinis and Goran Trbuljak from the fourth Motovun Encounter in 1976, which, according to Marija Ivetić, became part of the fund of the Gallery of Contemporary Art in Zagreb due to their authors’ profile, technique and technology, but also the fact that they were invited by this institution.

3 - Branka BENČIĆ. Cinemaniac 2015: Motovunski video susret 1976. Prva radionica video umjetnosti u Hrvatskoj. Doprinos istraživanju Motovunskih susreta i prilog povijesti medijske umjetnosti, Apoteka – Prostor za suvremenu umjetnost, Pula, 2015, retrieved from: http://www.cinemaniac-thinkfilm.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/booklet_essay.pdf, accessed: June 28, 2023, p. 8.

 

1977
New Landscape, Photography and Polaroid

In terms of structure, the fifth encounter in Motovun followed the model of the previous gatherings. On this occasion, Paolo Cardazzo and Živa Kraus from the Venetian Gallery del Cavallino, director of the Pazin Museum Marija Ivetić and curator at Zagreb’s City Gallery of Contemporary Art Marijan Susovski gathered thirteen artists from Yugoslavia, Italy and the United States.

With its focus on art media and art procedures, the event relied on the previous ones. However, unlike the first artist encounter, where the motif of landscape was interpreted using traditional techniques such as ink, oil and acrylic, the fifth encounter, entitled New Landscape, Photography and Polaroid, presented a new perspective on the traditional genre. It offered the possibility of using newer communication media and techniques, i.e. technology, as the video section of the fourth Motovun Encounter had done a year earlier, and used photography as a means of artistic exploration of landscape.


The fifth Motovun Encounter was held in September 1977. While Ambrosini, Kokot, Milić, Trbuljak and Sillani had already participated in one of the previous Encounters, the new names appearing at the Motovun Encounters were Marina Abramović, Franc Berčić, Carole Gallagher, Howard Friedman, Carlo Maschietto, Mladen Stilinović, Tomislav Šen and Ulay1. The artists listed (except Stilinović)2 in the Gallery Collection fund are represented by 15 photographs created using mixed media with paper and collage, five paintings created using mixed media on canvas or cardboard, pastels on single-layered cardboard and oil on canvas and two pencil drawings on single-layered cardboard and charcoal drawings on paper.

1 - BIANCHI, G. Paolo Cardazzo... p. 141. Although Bianchi states that Mladen Stilinović also participated in the fifth Motovun Encounter in 1977, his participation was not recorded in the Pazin City Museum’s Gallery Collection fund, nor in the inventory cards from the fifth Motovun Encounter.

2 - Ibid 15.

Silkscreen Printing
1978

The sixth Motovun Encounter brought together eighteen artists, mostly from Yugoslavia and Italy, who were invited by the three coorganizers (Ethnographic Museum of Istria, Galleria del Cavallino and the City Gallery of Contemporary Art). While the previous gatherings focused on a given theme, the last two created space for experimentation with “new media research and new conceptions of expression” (Susovski). The sixth gathering took this concept even further; the artists could freely choose their motifs, but the task was to use silk-screen printing. Throughout the seven days of the event, each of the eighteen participants created a print, and the prints were then gathered in a printmaking portfolio titled “The Motovun Encounter”. The main purpose of such a project was to promote creative collaboration and comparative approach, and to encourage the sharing of inspiration among the participants.

Before realizing the project, the participants got together and agreed on the rules of participation in the event and the creation of the above mentioned portfolio of prints. The rules referred to the ways of making the prints, including technical details, number of copies, and authors’ rights. Each participant received a copy of all of the artworks created and printed during the Motovun Encounter. Screen printing connoisseurs collaborated with the artists who
used this technique less often. The artworks, printed in 50 copies, did not follow a unique artistic concept, which resulted in quite diverse creations, bringing to the fore the authors’ artistic preferences.

The ceremonial promotion of the print portfolio of the 6th Motovun Encounter was held in the Pazin Castle on September 25, 1978.


The fund of the Pazin City Museum and the Collection from 1978, when the Motovun Encounter was titled Silkscreen Printing, preserved 34 graphic prints by 17 artists. Of the total number, six names are familiar from the previous Encounters (Berčič, Kinutani, Šutej, Trbuljak and Viola) and 11 names are new: Davide Antolini, Ladislav Galeta, Tomislav Gotovac, Branimir Karanović, Marija Branka Košković, Ivan Kožarić, David Leveret, Janez Matelič, Duba Sambolec, Paolo Sandano and Mladen Stilinović. In accordance with the theme, all artworks produced at this Encounter were silkscreen printings.

1979
Paper Transformations

... This year’s Motovun Encounter has brought together artists from different countries. The guests are members of the international group Arbeitskreis, which focuses on research in the field of systemic constructivist art. This encounter with the constructivist research of contemporary art in Motovun is not accidental. It cherishes the connection that the Yugoslav art scene established with constructivism back in the early 1950s, with the work of Exat 51 and five “New Tendencies” exhibitions held in the period from 1961 to 1973 at the Gallery of Contemporary Art in Zagreb. The exhibition “New Tendencies 1”, held in 1961, for the first time “brought to consciousness the existence of an international movement, a movement in which art discovers a new conception that experiments with optical exploration of surface, structure and object”(Mavignier). In other words, the New Tendencies movement emphasized the importance of researching and analysing change. Therefore, this year’s Motovun Encounter is a continuation of such analyses, especially because it includes authors who participated in the first New Tendencies exhibitions. Artists getting to know each other, and getting to know each other’s works through conversations, discussions, screenings of films and filmstrips, and participation in projects – this is something that is rarely found in other art colonies which seem to keep a low profile. The Motovun encounters are getting bigger, abandoning the original conception and evolving into an art workshop. Exploring this year’s topic of paper transformations, the Arbeitskreis artists have converted the Motovun gallery into an art workshop in true sense.

— Marijan Susovski, excerpt from the catalogue of 7th Motovun Encounter

The seventh Motovun Encounter brought together 16 European authors of the Arbeitskreis group, as well as art critics Matko Meštrović, Radoslav Putar and Norbert Lynton. The Encounter is organized by the Pazin Museum and the Zagreb Gallery of Contemporary Art.


The exhibition catalog from the seventh Motovun Encounter published in 1979 listed 16 new participants of the Encounter – Bohm, Breval, De Kejizer, Gayor, Hilgemann, Hughes, Knifer, Kracht, Lowe, Maurer, Mengyan, Morellet, Schrader, Spencer, Winiarski and Zilocchi.

The theme of the seventh Motovun Encounter was Paper Transformations. As Marijan Susovski states, this constructivist systemic approach to artwork1 enriched the Pazin City Museum’s fund with 26 artworks and 67 entries. The predominant technique is mixed media on paper, single-layered cardboard or cardboard in combination with felt, wood or chipboard and collage.

1 - 7. motovunski likovni susret: transformacije papira, Galerija suvremene umjetnosti / Etnografski muzej Istre, 1979, p. (2).

Young 80 / New Painting
1980

Four Motovun Encounters held in the new decade, the 1980s, recorded a change in the ‘cartography of art’. There was a sense that previous concepts were being exhausted, but at the same time one could feel a pulse of creating a new visual language. This was the time when The New Painting made its grand entrance, from the Venice Biennale to Zvonko Maković’s exhibition New Phenomena in Croatian Painting (Nova Gallery, 1980) and the text “New Painting. Croatian Painting in the 1980s” (Život umjetnosti magazine). A new impulse could be seen in the postmodern tendencies in painting, architecture and sculpting, and this transformation coincided with the arrival of a new generation of artists. For example, the selection of artists for the 1980 encounter was related to the exhibitions of young artists, Giovani artisti Jugoslavi (Bevilaqua la Masa, Venezia, 1980), and The ‘80s Youth (the Salon of the Museum of Contemporary Art, Belgrade). The Motovun encounters of the 80s were aimed at mapping the phenomena of new painting and new sculpture. Four artist encounters were held in the first half of the 1980s, two of which were organized without the participation of the Italian gallery Cavallino, with the participation of artists from the SFRY. The tenth Motovun Encounter was organized after a one-year break, with a smaller number of participants, and a lack of funds made the continuation of the event questionable. With the last encounter (1984), dedicated to architecture and held an entire decade after the Urban Intervention Project (1974), it was as if the circle, which began with New Art Practice and the creation of a new artistic paradigm, was closed. Even though the Motovun Encounters were officially discontinued in 1984, the gatherings of artists in Motovun did not stop. The Zagreb Faculty of Architecture holds the International Summer School of Architecture, which continues the idea of Motovun’s revitalization, and from 1999 to 2023 this town was the home of “Motovun Film Festival”.


The Pazin City Museum’s fund holds 17 artworks (making up a total of 23 entries) produced by 14 out of the 15 artists who participated in the eighth Motovun Encounter1 – Belić, Bijelić, Čada, Hadžifejović, Ivančić, Konec, Mandić, Matelič, Petrović, Rašić, Zdravko Santrač, Stipanov, Salamun and Špenko. The Pazin City Museum’s fund does not keep the artwork by Zvonimir Santrač while inventory cards reveal that his participation was recorded with the artwork titled Symphony under inventory number 3352. Along with the 14 artists that Bianchi mentions, the Collection fund also contains the artwork Painting by Damir Sokić, whose participation in the eighth Motovun Encounter was confirmed by inspecting the inventory cards.

Of the mentioned 17 artworks, there are 3 photographs, two collages and one object. The prevailing techniques are polycolor, oil and acrylic using mixed media with felt, cardboard, iron sheet, wire or wood on canvas, hardboard or jute.

1 - BIANCHI, G. Paolo Cardazzo..., p. 143.

2 - IVETIĆ, M. Motovunski..., p. 363. The diversity of art materials and techniques is the result of the eighth Motovun Encounter, although the durability of certain artworks (such as Santrač’s) was limited by the very experimental technologies of making and combining them. The inventory card of Zvonimir Santrač’s Symphony subsequently states the condition of the artwork – firstly, that the artwork was initially damaged due to poor production, and later that the paint had fallen off the canvas.

1981
New Sculpture

Four Motovun Encounters held in the new decade, the 1980s, recorded a change in the ‘cartography of art’. There was a sense that previous concepts were being exhausted, but at the same time one could feel a pulse of creating a new visual language. This was the time when The New Painting made its grand entrance, from the Venice Biennale to Zvonko Maković’s exhibition New Phenomena in Croatian Painting (Nova Gallery, 1980) and the text “New Painting. Croatian Painting in the 1980s” (Život umjetnosti magazine). A new impulse could be seen in the postmodern tendencies in painting, architecture and sculpting, and this transformation coincided with the arrival of a new generation of artists. For example, the selection of artists for the 1980 encounter was related to the exhibitions of young artists, Giovani artisti Jugoslavi (Bevilaqua la Masa, Venezia, 1980), and The ‘80s Youth (the Salon of the Museum of Contemporary Art, Belgrade). The Motovun encounters of the 80s were aimed at mapping the phenomena of new painting and new sculpture. Four artist encounters were held in the first half of the 1980s, two of which were organized without the participation of the Italian gallery Cavallino, with the participation of artists from the SFRY. The tenth Motovun Encounter was organized after a one-year break, with a smaller number of participants, and a lack of funds made the continuation of the event questionable. With the last encounter (1984), dedicated to architecture and held an entire decade after the Urban Intervention Project (1974), it was as if the circle, which began with New Art Practice and the creation of a new artistic paradigm, was closed. Even though the Motovun Encounters were officially discontinued in 1984, the gatherings of artists in Motovun did not stop. The Zagreb Faculty of Architecture holds the International Summer School of Architecture, which continues the idea of Motovun’s revitalization, and from 1999 to 2023 this town was the home of “Motovun Film Festival”.


The ninth Motovun Encounter from 1981 is represented in the Pazin City Museum’s fund by 12 artworks produced by nine artists. Of the 13 artists invited to this Encounter, all names are new except for Sillani and Viola: Maurizio Bonora, Zvjezdana Fio, Ljubomir Karina, Dragoslav Krnajski, Dušan Minovski, Jože Slak and Branka Uzur1.

Although the theme of the Encounter from 1981 was New Sculpture, sculpture was the second most represented medium in terms of the number of artworks produced at the Encounter that are kept in the Pazin City Museum’s fund (two sculptures in stone and four made with mixed media using plaster, corrugated cardboard and polycolor). Most of the paintings were created using mixed media on canvas, hardboard and a combination of chipboard and paperboard, polycolor, oil and acrylic on canvas.

1 - BIANCHI, G. Paolo Cardazzo..., p. 143. Artworks by Jakov Brdar, Vesna Popržan and Vera Stevanović are not preserved in the Pazin City Museum’s Gallery Collection fund. IVETIĆ, M. Motovunski..., p. 363. Vesna Popržan’s artwork was installed near the entrance to the Art Gallery in Motovun, but after the Encounter, it was destroyed and removed by unknown perpetrators.

On Paper
1983

Four Motovun Encounters held in the new decade, the 1980s, recorded a change in the ‘cartography of art’. There was a sense that previous concepts were being exhausted, but at the same time one could feel a pulse of creating a new visual language. This was the time when The New Painting made its grand entrance, from the Venice Biennale to Zvonko Maković’s exhibition New Phenomena in Croatian Painting (Nova Gallery, 1980) and the text “New Painting. Croatian Painting in the 1980s” (Život umjetnosti magazine). A new impulse could be seen in the postmodern tendencies in painting, architecture and sculpting, and this transformation coincided with the arrival of a new generation of artists. For example, the selection of artists for the 1980 encounter was related to the exhibitions of young artists, Giovani artisti Jugoslavi (Bevilaqua la Masa, Venezia, 1980), and The ‘80s Youth (the Salon of the Museum of Contemporary Art, Belgrade). The Motovun encounters of the 80s were aimed at mapping the phenomena of new painting and new sculpture. Four artist encounters were held in the first half of the 1980s, two of which were organized without the participation of the Italian gallery Cavallino, with the participation of artists from the SFRY. The tenth Motovun Encounter was organized after a one-year break, with a smaller number of participants, and a lack of funds made the continuation of the event questionable. With the last encounter (1984), dedicated to architecture and held an entire decade after the Urban Intervention Project (1974), it was as if the circle, which began with New Art Practice and the creation of a new artistic paradigm, was closed. Even though the Motovun Encounters were officially discontinued in 1984, the gatherings of artists in Motovun did not stop. The Zagreb Faculty of Architecture holds the International Summer School of Architecture, which continues the idea of Motovun’s revitalization, and from 1999 to 2023 this town was the home of “Motovun Film Festival”.


The tenth Motovun Encounter was marked by new names. Out of the nine participants listed by Bianchi, the Pazin City Museum’s fund contains 12 artworks of six participants: Breda Beban, Marina Ercegović, Julija Loci, Destil Marković, Igor Rončević and Antonella Tagliapietra1.

In accordance with the theme of the Encounter, art media and techniques used on paper were pastel, felt-tip pen, tempera, pencil and acrylic and mixed media using pencil and pastel with cardboard. A sculpture made by Ljubomir Karina is an exception.

1 - BIANCHI, G. Paolo Cardazzo..., p. 143-144. The Pazin City Museum’s Gallery Collection fund does not contain the artworks by the aforementioned Boris Benčić, Mauro Sambo and Giancarlo Venuto.

1984
Postmodern Architecture and
Motovun Architectural Heritage

Four Motovun Encounters held in the new decade, the 1980s, recorded a change in the ‘cartography of art’. There was a sense that previous concepts were being exhausted, but at the same time one could feel a pulse of creating a new visual language. This was the time when The New Painting made its grand entrance, from the Venice Biennale to Zvonko Maković’s exhibition New Phenomena in Croatian Painting (Nova Gallery, 1980) and the text “New Painting. Croatian Painting in the 1980s” (Život umjetnosti magazine). A new impulse could be seen in the postmodern tendencies in painting, architecture and sculpting, and this transformation coincided with the arrival of a new generation of artists. For example, the selection of artists for the 1980 encounter was related to the exhibitions of young artists, Giovani artisti Jugoslavi (Bevilaqua la Masa, Venezia, 1980), and The ‘80s Youth (the Salon of the Museum of Contemporary Art, Belgrade). The Motovun encounters of the 80s were aimed at mapping the phenomena of new painting and new sculpture. Four artist encounters were held in the first half of the 1980s, two of which were organized without the participation of the Italian gallery Cavallino, with the participation of artists from the SFRY. The tenth Motovun Encounter was organized after a one-year break, with a smaller number of participants, and a lack of funds made the continuation of the event questionable. With the last encounter (1984), dedicated to architecture and held an entire decade after the Urban Intervention Project (1974), it was as if the circle, which began with New Art Practice and the creation of a new artistic paradigm, was closed. Even though the Motovun Encounters were officially discontinued in 1984, the gatherings of artists in Motovun did not stop. The Zagreb Faculty of Architecture holds the International Summer School of Architecture, which continues the idea of Motovun’s revitalization, and from 1999 to 2023 this town was the home of “Motovun Film Festival”.


The last Motovun Encounter was held in 1984. It is represented by the smallest number of artworks kept in the Pazin City Museum’s fund – six drawings on drafting paper or made using mixed media on cardboard with photography and pastel by Vojteh Ravnikar, Janez Koželj and Petra Paškulin. Based on the theme of the Encounter, participants proposed alternative urban planning solutions for Motovun, which were interesting in the context of interventions, view of the place, its location, scenery and future.